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Single Cabinet Energy Storage Thermal Management Architecture for Industrial and Commercial Storage

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 · 25±15℃

 

 · 8 packs

 

 · 30 or 52 cells/pack

 

 · LFP 3.2V

 

 · 280AH

 

 · 0.5C @ 4.5kW

 

 · 0.75C @ 8kW

 

 · 215-416kWh

 · 4.5 8kW water-cooled units utilize modular customization and standardized platforms.

 · The water cooler satisfies the heat exchange requirements for the charging and discharging energy storage cabinets, operating within a range of 0.5C to 0.75C, thereby accommodating most working conditions.

 · The chiller features a compact design, easy installation, and strong adaptability.

 · The system can be equipped with an intelligent maintenance kit that accurately calculates maintenance requirements.

 · According to the ambient temperature and battery cell temperature, the overall machine air temperature is automatically adjusted. The system selects either air conditioning or ambient cooling modes to enhance energy efficiency.

 · The entire machine is easy to connect, and the quick-plug structure offers high consistency.

 · An optional remote management system for real-time monitoring of the operating status of multiple cabinets.

Liquid cooling energy storage system management and control

The control system gathers pressure and temperature data from sensors to regulate the operating speed, position, and current of the actuators, thereby ensuring that the battery functions at an optimal temperature. Additionally, the system features enhanced self-diagnosis and fault operation modes to maintain normal system operation and prevent failures.

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 · High ambient temperature and battery temperature exceed the threshold limit.

The air conditioning system must operate effectively to meet the battery cooling requirements.

 · The ambient temperature is not high, and the battery temperature does not exceed the threshold limit.

The water pump operates by dissipating heat through the pipeline.

 · The ambient temperature is not high, but the battery temperature exceeds the threshold.

The water pump operates, and the solenoid valve control circuit switches to the radiator’s operational circuit.

 · The energy storage system has ceased functioning, and the battery temperature remains below the threshold.

The thermal management system has stopped functioning.

 · The energy storage system has ceased functioning due to the battery temperature exceeding the threshold.

The thermal management system delays operation until the battery temperature reaches the specified threshold.

Liquid cooling energy storage Thermal Management Schematic

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  • The system primarily consists of a compressor, condenser, plate heat exchanger, circulating water pump, low-temperature radiator, electronic fan, and other components.
  • The system employs an electronic three-way valve to split the battery cooling circuit into two modes: air conditioning cooling and natural forced air cooling. This design effectively reduces energy consumption for battery cooling in low-temperature environments and enhances overall system efficiency.
  • With an equal path circuit design, the flow distribution within the battery pack is more uniform, resulting in a smaller temperature difference between battery cells and an extended battery life.
  • The flat platform design offers robust scalability, and the choice of adjustment devices can accommodate the energy storage and heat exchange requirements for various discharge rates and scales.
  • The system features a quick plug-in design, high modularity, easy installation, and consistent product quality.

Liquid cooling energy storage Thermal Management Simulation

Platform-Based Simulation Model

Use a one-dimensional fluid simulation model to calculate the flow distribution and heat transfer performance of the system loop. This will help determine the differences between the flow and heat transfer capacities of the liquid cooling loop and the target specifications. Additionally, it will verify the rationality of the selection, improve development efficiency, and reduce development costs. The model can also be expanded to accommodate multiple battery clusters and manage water temperature effectively.

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The simulation system includes:

 

  • Large System Flow

 

  • System Pressure Distribution

 

  • Flow Resistance Characteristics

 

  • Battery Circuit Flow Distribution

 

  • Heat Transfer Performance

8 kW Energy Storage System

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Integrated Liquid Cooling Unit

  • The unit integrates fans, compressors, water pumps, plate heat exchangers, electric heating, electric controls, and other components, achieving high integration and optimal space utilization.
  • For maintenance and after-sales service, the one-sided disassembly and assembly of the system facilitate a comprehensive inspection and maintenance of the entire machine.

System Components:

  • High-strength plate heat exchangers, microchannel parallel flow heat exchangers, and direct current high-lift water pumps effectively reduce system weight while enhancing system reliability.
  • Inlet and outlet pressure detection functions can provide early warnings to prevent system failures caused by water shortages.

Energy Storage Series


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Liquid Cooling Energy Storage: A Key Technology for Future Energy Systems

Against the backdrop of global energy transition, energy storage technology has become a critical component in advancing renewable energy development and building smart grids. Among various energy storage systems, liquid cooling energy storage stands out for its efficiency, reliability, and scalability, garnering increasing attention.

Working Principle of Liquid Cooling Energy Storage

The core of liquid cooling energy storage lies in effectively managing the temperature of energy storage devices through liquid cooling systems. Whether for lithium-ion batteries or other chemical storage devices, substantial heat is generated during high-performance operation. If this heat is not dissipated in time, the energy storage system may face performance degradation or even safety risks.

Liquid cooling systems utilize specialized coolant that transfers heat from battery modules via pipelines to cooling units such as radiators or cooling towers. Compared to traditional air-cooling methods, this approach offers higher thermal conductivity and reduces dependency on environmental temperatures.

Advantages of Liquid Cooling Energy Storage

  1. Efficient Thermal Management Liquid cooling systems boast superior thermal conductivity, enabling energy storage devices to operate stably at high power densities over extended periods. This is particularly critical for large-scale energy storage applications, such as grid peak shaving or backup power for data centers.

  2. Extended Equipment Lifespan Precise temperature control minimizes uneven chemical reactions within batteries, reducing aging and extending the lifespan of equipment, thereby lowering overall maintenance costs.

  3. Enhanced Safety Under high-temperature or high-power charging and discharging conditions, liquid cooling systems effectively prevent overheating issues, mitigating the risk of thermal runaway and ensuring the safe operation of energy storage systems.

  4. Smaller Footprint Compared to air-cooling systems, liquid cooling systems require less space to achieve the same cooling effect, increasing system integration and suitability for space-constrained scenarios.

Application Scenarios

  1. Large-Scale Grid Energy Storage Liquid cooling energy storage systems play a key role in peak shaving, frequency regulation, and power dispatch optimization within grids. For regions with a high share of renewable energy, these systems stabilize the integration of intermittent solar and wind energy, ensuring grid stability.

  2. Data Centers and Commercial Facilities With the rapid growth of digitalization and information technology, data centers face increasing power demands. Liquid cooling energy storage systems provide efficient and reliable backup power while reducing cooling energy consumption during operation.

  3. EV Fast Charging Stations Fast charging generates significant heat in batteries and storage systems. Liquid cooling technology efficiently manages this heat, ensuring safety and efficiency during the charging process.

  4. Offshore and Extreme Environment Applications In extreme environments such as high temperatures, high humidity, or low temperatures, the advantages of liquid cooling systems become more pronounced. They provide stable temperature control support for offshore wind farms or energy storage systems in remote areas.

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Challenges

Despite its notable advantages, the promotion and application of liquid cooling energy storage systems face several challenges:

  1. High Initial Costs Liquid cooling systems involve complex pipeline designs, specialized coolants, and pump systems, resulting in higher initial investment compared to traditional air-cooling systems.

  2. Maintenance Complexity These systems require regular coolant replacement and seal inspections to prevent leaks or corrosion, increasing operational difficulty.

  3. Lack of Standardization The liquid cooling energy storage field currently lacks unified industry standards, making it challenging for systems from different manufacturers to be compatible, thereby limiting large-scale development.

Future Development Directions

To facilitate broader adoption of liquid cooling energy storage technology, the following areas merit attention:

  1. Innovation in Materials and Design Researching more efficient coolants and durable sealing materials, as well as optimizing pipeline and pump designs, can further reduce system costs and enhance reliability.

  2. Intelligent Control Systems Incorporating artificial intelligence and IoT technology for real-time monitoring and dynamic optimization of liquid cooling systems can improve energy efficiency and responsiveness.

  3. Standardization and Modularization Establishing unified industry standards and promoting modular design of liquid cooling energy storage devices can reduce production and installation costs, accelerating market adoption.

  4. Policy Support and Market Promotion Governments and industry organizations can incentivize liquid cooling energy storage technology development and application through subsidies, tax breaks, or pilot projects.

Conclusion

Liquid cooling energy storage technology, with its superior performance in thermal management, safety, and space utilization, is becoming an indispensable part of modern energy systems. As technology advances and application scenarios expand, liquid cooling energy storage is poised to play an increasingly vital role in future energy structures, providing robust support for the global energy transition.

 

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